Theory Weak_Early_Step_Sim

(* 
   Title: The pi-calculus   
   Author/Maintainer: Jesper Bengtson (jebe.dk), 2012
*)
theory Weak_Early_Step_Sim
  imports Weak_Early_Sim Strong_Early_Sim
begin

definition weakStepSimulation :: "pi ⇒ (pi × pi) set ⇒ pi ⇒ bool" (‹_ ↝«_» _› [80, 80, 80] 80) where
  "P ↝«Rel» Q ≡ (∀Q' a x. Q ⟼a<νx> ≺ Q' ⟶ x ♯ P ⟶ (∃P' . P ⟹a<νx> ≺ P' ∧ (P', Q') ∈ Rel)) ∧
                         (∀Q' α. Q ⟼α ≺ Q' ⟶ (∃P'. P ⟹α ≺ P' ∧ (P', Q') ∈ Rel))"

lemma monotonic: 
  fixes A  :: "(pi × pi) set"
  and   B  :: "(pi × pi) set"
  and   P  :: pi
  and   P' :: pi

  assumes "P ↝«A» P'"
  and     "A ⊆ B"

  shows "P ↝«B» P'"
using assms
by(simp add: weakStepSimulation_def) blast

lemma simCasesCont[consumes 1, case_names Bound Free]:
  fixes P   :: pi
  and   Q   :: pi
  and   Rel :: "(pi × pi) set"
  and   C   :: "'a::fs_name"

  assumes Eqvt:  "eqvt Rel"
  and     Bound: "⋀a x Q'. ⟦x ♯ C; Q ⟼ a<νx> ≺ Q'⟧ ⟹ ∃P'. P ⟹ a<νx> ≺ P' ∧ (P', Q') ∈ Rel"
  and     Free:  "⋀α Q'. Q ⟼ α ≺ Q' ⟹ ∃P'. P ⟹ α ≺ P' ∧ (P', Q') ∈ Rel"

  shows "P ↝«Rel» Q"
proof -
  from Free show ?thesis
  proof(auto simp add: weakStepSimulation_def)
    fix Q' a x
    assume xFreshP: "(x::name) ♯ P"
    assume Trans: "Q ⟼ a<νx> ≺ Q'"
    have "∃c::name. c ♯ (P, Q', x, C)" by(blast intro: name_exists_fresh)
    then obtain c::name where cFreshP: "c ♯ P" and cFreshQ': "c ♯ Q'" and cFreshC: "c ♯ C"
                          and cineqx: "c ≠ x"
      by(force simp add: fresh_prod)

    from Trans cFreshQ' have "Q ⟼ a<νc> ≺ ([(x, c)] ∙ Q')" by(simp add: alphaBoundOutput)
    with cFreshC have "∃P'. P ⟹ a<νc> ≺ P' ∧ (P', [(x, c)] ∙ Q') ∈ Rel"
      by(rule Bound)
    then obtain P' where PTrans: "P ⟹ a<νc> ≺ P'" and P'RelQ': "(P', [(x, c)] ∙ Q') ∈ Rel"
      by blast

    from PTrans ‹x ♯ P› ‹c ≠ x› have "P ⟹a<νx> ≺ ([(x, c)] ∙ P')" 
      by(simp add: weakTransitionAlpha name_swap)
    moreover from Eqvt P'RelQ' have "([(x, c)] ∙ P', [(x, c)] ∙ [(x, c)] ∙ Q') ∈ Rel"
      by(rule eqvtRelI)
    with ‹c ≠ x› have "([(x, c)] ∙ P', Q') ∈ Rel"
      by simp
    ultimately show "∃P'. P ⟹a<νx> ≺ P' ∧ (P', Q') ∈ Rel" by blast
  qed
qed

lemma simCases[consumes 0, case_names Bound Free]:
  fixes P   :: pi
  and   Q   :: pi
  and   Rel :: "(pi × pi) set"
  and   C   :: "'a::fs_name"

  assumes "⋀a x Q'. ⟦Q ⟼ a<νx> ≺ Q'; x ♯ P⟧ ⟹ ∃P'. P ⟹ a<νx> ≺ P' ∧ (P', Q') ∈ Rel"
  and     "⋀α Q'. Q ⟼ α ≺ Q' ⟹ ∃P'. P ⟹ α ≺ P' ∧ (P', Q') ∈ Rel"

  shows "P ↝«Rel» Q"
using assms
by(auto simp add: weakStepSimulation_def)

lemma simE:
  fixes P   :: pi
  and   Rel :: "(pi × pi) set"
  and   Q   :: pi
  and   a   :: name
  and   x   :: name
  and   Q'  :: pi

  assumes "P ↝«Rel» Q"

  shows "Q ⟼a<νx> ≺ Q' ⟹ x ♯ P ⟹ ∃P'. P ⟹a<νx> ≺ P' ∧ (P', Q') ∈ Rel"
  and   "Q ⟼α ≺ Q' ⟹ ∃P'. P ⟹α ≺ P' ∧ (P', Q') ∈ Rel"
using assms by(simp add: weakStepSimulation_def)+

lemma simE2:
  fixes P   :: pi
  and   Rel :: "(pi × pi) set"
  and   Q   :: pi
  and   a   :: name
  and   x   :: name
  and   Q'  :: pi

  assumes PSimQ: "P ↝«Rel» Q"
  and     Sim: "⋀R S. (R, S) ∈ Rel ⟹ R ↝<Rel> S"
  and     Eqvt: "eqvt Rel"
  and     PRelQ: "(P, Q) ∈ Rel"

  shows "Q ⟹a<νx> ≺ Q' ⟹ x ♯ P ⟹ ∃P'. P ⟹a<νx> ≺ P' ∧ (P', Q') ∈ Rel"
  and   "Q ⟹α ≺ Q' ⟹ ∃P'. P ⟹α ≺ P' ∧ (P', Q') ∈ Rel"
proof -
  assume QTrans: "Q ⟹a<νx> ≺ Q'"
  assume "x ♯ P"
    
  from QTrans obtain Q'' Q''' where QChain: "Q ⟹τ Q''"
                                        and Q''Trans: "Q'' ⟼a<νx> ≺ Q'''"
                                        and Q'''Chain: "Q''' ⟹τ Q'"
    by(blast dest: transitionE)

  from QChain PRelQ Sim have "∃P''. P ⟹τ P'' ∧ (P'', Q'') ∈ Rel"
    by(rule weakSimTauChain)
  then obtain P'' where PChain: "P ⟹τ P''" and P''RelQ'': "(P'', Q'') ∈ Rel" by blast
  from PChain ‹x ♯ P› have xFreshP'': "x ♯ P''" by(rule freshChain)
  
  from P''RelQ'' have "P'' ↝<Rel> Q''" by(rule Sim)
  with Q''Trans xFreshP'' obtain P''' where P''Trans: "P'' ⟹a<νx> ≺ P'''"
                                        and P'''RelQ''': "(P''', Q''') ∈ Rel"
    by(blast dest: Weak_Early_Sim.simE)

  have "∃P'. P''' ⟹τ P' ∧ (P', Q') ∈ Rel" using Q'''Chain P'''RelQ''' Sim
    by(rule weakSimTauChain)
  then obtain P' where P'''Chain: "P''' ⟹τ P'" and P'RelQ': "(P', Q') ∈ Rel" by blast
    
  from PChain P''Trans P'''Chain have "P ⟹a<νx> ≺ P'"
    by(blast dest: Weak_Early_Step_Semantics.chainTransitionAppend)
  with P'RelQ' show "∃P'. P ⟹ a<νx> ≺ P' ∧ (P', Q') ∈ Rel"
    by blast
next
  assume "Q ⟹α ≺ Q'"

  then obtain Q'' Q''' where QChain: "Q ⟹τ Q''" 
                         and Q''Trans: "Q'' ⟼α ≺ Q'''"
                         and Q'''Chain: "Q''' ⟹τ Q'"
    by(blast dest: transitionE)
  from QChain Q''Trans Q'''Chain show "∃P'. P ⟹α ≺ P' ∧ (P', Q') ∈ Rel"
  proof(induct arbitrary: α Q''' Q' rule: tauChainInduct)
    case id
    from PSimQ ‹Q ⟼α ≺ Q'''› have "∃P'. P ⟹α ≺ P' ∧ (P', Q''') ∈ Rel"
      by(blast dest: simE)
    then obtain P''' where PTrans: "P ⟹α ≺ P'''" and P'RelQ''': "(P''', Q''') ∈ Rel"
      by blast
    
    have "∃P'. P''' ⟹τ P' ∧ (P', Q') ∈ Rel" using ‹Q''' ⟹τ Q'› P'RelQ''' Sim
      by(rule Weak_Early_Sim.weakSimTauChain)
    then obtain P' where P'''Chain: "P''' ⟹τ P'" and P'RelQ': "(P', Q') ∈ Rel" by blast
    
    from P'''Chain PTrans have "P ⟹α ≺ P'"
      by(blast dest: Weak_Early_Step_Semantics.chainTransitionAppend)
    
    with P'RelQ' show ?case by blast
  next
    case(ih Q'''' Q'' α Q''' Q')
    have "Q'' ⟹τ Q''" by simp
    with ‹Q'''' ⟼τ ≺ Q''› obtain P'' where PChain: "P ⟹τ ≺  P''" and P''RelQ'': "(P'', Q'') ∈ Rel"
      by(drule_tac ih) auto

    from P''RelQ'' have "P'' ↝<Rel> Q''" by(rule Sim)
    hence "∃P'''. P'' ⟹^α ≺ P''' ∧ (P''', Q''') ∈ Rel" using ‹Q'' ⟼α ≺ Q'''›
      by(rule Weak_Early_Sim.simE)
    then obtain P''' where P''Trans: "P'' ⟹^α ≺ P'''"
                       and P'''RelQ''': "(P''', Q''') ∈ Rel"
      by blast
    from ‹Q''' ⟹τ Q'› P'''RelQ''' Sim have "∃P'. P''' ⟹τ P' ∧ (P', Q') ∈ Rel"
      by(rule Weak_Early_Sim.weakSimTauChain)
    then obtain P' where P'''Chain: "P''' ⟹τ P'"
                     and P'RelQ': "(P', Q') ∈ Rel"
      by blast
    from PChain P''Trans have "P ⟹α ≺ P'''"
      apply(auto simp add: freeTransition_def weakFreeTransition_def)
      apply(drule tauActTauChain, auto)
      by(rule_tac x=P'''aa in exI) auto
    hence "P ⟹α ≺ P'" using P'''Chain
      by(rule Weak_Early_Step_Semantics.chainTransitionAppend)
    with P'RelQ' show ?case by blast
  qed
qed

lemma eqvtI:
  fixes P    :: pi
  and   Q    :: pi
  and   Rel  :: "(pi × pi) set"
  and   perm :: "name prm"

  assumes PSimQ: "P ↝«Rel» Q"
  and     RelRel': "Rel ⊆ Rel'"
  and     EqvtRel': "eqvt Rel'"

  shows "(perm ∙ P) ↝«Rel'» (perm ∙ Q)"
proof(induct rule: simCases)
  case(Bound a x Q')
  have xFreshP: "x ♯ perm ∙ P" by fact
  have QTrans: "(perm ∙ Q) ⟼ a<νx> ≺ Q'" by fact

  hence "(rev perm ∙ (perm ∙ Q)) ⟼ rev perm ∙ (a<νx> ≺ Q')" by(rule eqvt)
  hence "Q ⟼ (rev perm ∙ a)<ν(rev perm ∙ x)> ≺ (rev perm ∙ Q')" 
    by(simp add: name_rev_per)
  moreover from xFreshP have "(rev perm ∙ x) ♯ P" by(simp add: name_fresh_left)
  ultimately obtain P' where PTrans: "P ⟹ (rev perm ∙ a)<ν(rev perm ∙ x)> ≺ P'"
                         and P'RelQ': "(P', rev perm ∙ Q') ∈ Rel" using PSimQ
    by(blast dest: simE)
  
  from PTrans have "(perm ∙ P) ⟹(perm ∙ rev perm ∙ a)<ν(perm ∙ rev perm ∙ x)> ≺ perm ∙ P'" 
    by(rule Weak_Early_Step_Semantics.eqvtI)
  hence L1: "(perm ∙ P) ⟹ a<νx> ≺ (perm ∙ P')" by(simp add: name_per_rev)
  from P'RelQ' RelRel' have "(P', rev perm ∙ Q') ∈ Rel'" by blast
  with EqvtRel' have "(perm ∙ P', perm ∙ (rev perm ∙ Q')) ∈ Rel'"
    by(rule eqvtRelI)
  hence "(perm ∙ P', Q') ∈ Rel'" by(simp add: name_per_rev)
  with L1 show ?case by blast
next
  case(Free α Q')
  have QTrans: "(perm ∙ Q) ⟼ α ≺ Q'" by fact

  hence "(rev perm ∙ (perm ∙ Q)) ⟼ rev perm ∙ (α ≺ Q')" by(rule eqvts)
  hence "Q ⟼ (rev perm ∙ α) ≺ (rev perm ∙ Q')"  by(simp add: name_rev_per)
  with PSimQ obtain P' where PTrans: "P ⟹ (rev perm ∙ α) ≺ P'"
                         and PRel: "(P', (rev perm ∙ Q')) ∈ Rel"
    by(blast dest: simE)

  from PTrans have "(perm ∙ P) ⟹(perm ∙ rev perm ∙ α) ≺ perm ∙ P'"
    by(rule Weak_Early_Step_Semantics.eqvtI)
  hence L1: "(perm ∙ P) ⟹ α ≺ (perm ∙ P')" by(simp add: name_per_rev)
  from PRel EqvtRel' RelRel'  have "((perm ∙ P'), (perm ∙ (rev perm ∙ Q'))) ∈ Rel'"
    by(force intro: eqvtRelI)
  hence "((perm ∙ P'), Q') ∈ Rel'" by(simp add: name_per_rev)
  with L1 show ?case by blast
qed

(*****************Reflexivity and transitivity*********************)

lemma reflexive:
  fixes P   :: pi
  and   Rel :: "(pi × pi) set"

  assumes "Id ⊆ Rel"

  shows "P ↝«Rel» P"
using assms
by(auto intro: Weak_Early_Step_Semantics.singleActionChain
   simp add: weakStepSimulation_def weakFreeTransition_def)

lemma transitive:
  fixes P     :: pi
  and   Q     :: pi
  and   R     :: pi
  and   Rel   :: "(pi × pi) set"
  and   Rel'  :: "(pi × pi) set"
  and   Rel'' :: "(pi × pi) set"

  assumes PSimQ: "P ↝«Rel» Q"
  and     QSimR: "Q ↝«Rel'» R"
  and     Eqvt: "eqvt Rel"
  and     Eqvt'': "eqvt Rel''"
  and     Trans: "Rel O Rel' ⊆ Rel''"
  and     Sim: "⋀S T. (S, T) ∈ Rel ⟹ S ↝<Rel> T"
  and     PRelQ: "(P, Q) ∈ Rel"

  shows "P ↝«Rel''» R"
proof -
  from Eqvt'' show ?thesis
  proof(induct rule: simCasesCont[of _ "(P, Q)"])
    case(Bound a x R')
    have "x ♯ (P, Q)" by fact
    hence xFreshP: "x ♯ P" and xFreshQ: "x ♯ Q" by(simp add: fresh_prod)+
    have RTrans: "R ⟼a<νx> ≺ R'" by fact
    from xFreshQ QSimR RTrans obtain Q' where QTrans: "Q ⟹ a<νx> ≺ Q'"
                                          and Q'Rel'R': "(Q', R') ∈ Rel'"
      by(blast dest: simE)

    with PSimQ Sim Eqvt PRelQ QTrans xFreshP have "∃P'. P ⟹ a<νx> ≺ P' ∧ (P', Q') ∈ Rel"
      by(blast intro: simE2)
    then obtain P' where PTrans: "P ⟹ a<νx> ≺ P'" and P'RelQ': "(P', Q') ∈ Rel" by blast
    moreover from P'RelQ' Q'Rel'R' Trans have "(P', R') ∈ Rel''" by blast
    ultimately show ?case by blast
  next
    case(Free α R')
    have RTrans: "R ⟼ α ≺ R'" by fact
    with QSimR obtain Q' where QTrans: "Q ⟹ α ≺ Q'" and Q'RelR': "(Q', R') ∈ Rel'"
      by(blast dest: simE)
    from PSimQ Sim Eqvt PRelQ QTrans have "∃P'. P ⟹ α ≺ P' ∧ (P', Q') ∈ Rel"
      by(blast intro: simE2)
    then obtain P' where PTrans: "P ⟹ α ≺ P'" and P'RelQ': "(P', Q') ∈ Rel" by blast
    from P'RelQ' Q'RelR' Trans have "(P', R') ∈ Rel''" by blast
    with PTrans show ?case by blast
  qed
qed

lemma strongSimWeakSim:
  fixes P   :: pi
  and   Q   :: pi
  and   Rel :: "(pi × pi) set"

  assumes PSimQ: "P ↝[Rel] Q"

  shows "P ↝«Rel» Q"
proof(induct rule: simCases)
  case(Bound a x Q')
  have "Q ⟼a<νx> ≺ Q'" and "x ♯ P" by fact+
  with PSimQ obtain P' where PTrans: "P ⟼a<νx> ≺ P'" and P'RelQ': "(P', Q') ∈ Rel"
    by(blast dest: Strong_Early_Sim.elim)
  from PTrans have "P ⟹a<νx> ≺  P'"
    by(force intro: Weak_Early_Step_Semantics.singleActionChain simp add: weakFreeTransition_def)
  with P'RelQ' show ?case by blast
next
  case(Free α Q')
  have "Q ⟼α ≺ Q'" by fact
  with PSimQ obtain P' where PTrans: "P ⟼α ≺ P'" and P'RelQ': "(P', Q') ∈ Rel"
    by(blast dest: Strong_Early_Sim.elim)
  from PTrans have "P ⟹α ≺ P'" by(rule Weak_Early_Step_Semantics.singleActionChain)
  with P'RelQ' show ?case by blast
qed

lemma weakSimWeakEqSim:
  fixes P    :: pi
  and   Q    :: pi
  and   Rel  :: "(pi × pi) set"

  assumes "P ↝«Rel» Q"

  shows "P ↝<Rel> Q"
using assms
by(force simp add: weakStepSimulation_def Weak_Early_Sim.weakSimulation_def weakFreeTransition_def)

end